Air-motor.



PA'TENTED MAR. 10,1908.

L. DOMAN. AIR MOTOR. AI PLIOATION FILED MAY 19, 1904.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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To all whoinitmay concern: i J I Be it known that I, LEWIS.B.. DQMAN, a-

citizen of the'United States, residing at El-.

bridge, in the county of. Onondaga and State ofNewtYork, have" invented certainnew and useful Improvementsin Air-Motors, of which the following is a s'pecification.

This invention relates to'air motors, such as are commonly' employed in mechanical piano layers and other mu s1cal instruments topro ucerotarymotionfromthcreciprocating motion of one or more bellows or pneumatics." The motor is preferably operated by atmospheric pressure, the being connected with an exhausting appara- "tus by means of suitable valved passages.-

pneumatics 'The invention will be described with rei'er-' enc'e to-the accompanying drawing, in which, Figure :1 is a side elevation of the motor, including the speed regulator orgovernor,

,, the side plate which closes the air passages being omitted; Fig. ,2 is a plan view oi the same complete with side plate; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central section on the line 33 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 44 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3;

Referring to the drawing, 1 1 indicates the j crank shaft of the motor, 1212 a pair of crank pins 90 degreesapart mounted on cranks 'or crank disks upon the 'shal t 11;

13 -13 arepitmen connecting tluterank pins respecti vely with them'ovable parts d1 neumatics 14 and 14. 'IlieTjuiiitrhaticsJ and 14 are respectively connected to pneu: ma't1cs15 and 15 by links or'conncctmg rids .16 and 16; The pneumatics 14 and 15 are arranged back to back on a block '17 and t'lirk second pair of pneumatics are likewise arranged on a block 17f." 'lhe m,otor shaft 1 1' may be provided with a s 'irocket wheel 18 or other suitable means for transmitting H10, tionto operate the roll of perforated paper, or for other purposes.

The general arrangement is preferably shown in Figs. 1 and 2,- the uprights 17 17 being supported on a base It) andthe pneumatics being arranged back to back upon the uprights. The shaft. is arranged. transverse y of the base midway between the pneumatic/s, and each crank pin is connected with anout'er or movable board of one of the outer p11eumatics,-thus permitting of the use oflapitman of maximum length the angularity of its Specification of Letters Patent.

- 24, communicates with a'passagc 25 leading the ports ol passages ol said passages alter? Patented March 10, 1908.,

mum. Each pair of pneumatics imparts to its pltman positive movement n two dlrec-ttl0DS,'tllUS giving the shaft'll four impulses during each revolution.

The air passages :to and from the pneu 0 niatics 14 and15 are controlledln aslide valve 20 which is-connected by a link 21 with 'the-1Ii0vable board of the pneumatic 15 and p pneumatic's 14 and 15 are duplicates for the pneumatic-s 14",, 15- and the former-only need be described in detail. r A mssage 22 leads from the interior of the pneumatic Mthrough thou'prightlTand the base 19 and communicates with an'opening in the plate; or sent 23 upon which the/slidevalve 20 operates, Figs. 1 and 3. 1 Likewise a passage 24 leads lromithe interior of pneumatic-15 tola port in the valvcseat 23. A third or exhaust port in the/valve- "seat 23,. which is arranged between the ports 22 and go "to apressure regulating or governor device A which is hereinafter described. The slide valve 20 is of sullicient length toicover two oi the ports at atime and it is provided with a passage by means of which the'two ports covered by it'are placed in ermnnunication, as'is common in some well known forms of steam engines, this valve being sometimes termed a D-vnlve. As the 'valve. is reciprocated it alternately lovers a nd uncovers id 24, placingeach. .ely in comm'xmication" with the atmosphere andwit-ht he 0X- haustport 25 which is inf-communita tion$51 with an exhaust Wmpforother vacuum producing means. henone of the pneumatrcs'lsin communication with the atnwsphere;

the'op'posing pneumatic is in c o m1m1nica-.

tion with thecxhau-st passage; hence the 1 latter is collapsed with corisidel'ableforceduc tothe atmospheric pressure on it and the former is opened l v-means of the connecting 7 rod 16 between them.-, Whenlthe valve- '20 movesto the otherextreme, tlu colulitions 05 I of the Imeumatics 14, 15, are reversed, the

pneumatic-14 being collapsed by the atmospheric pressure and, the pneumatic xandreducing painted and i-ntlatedthrough its passageLZ t movement to a mim i which rsu'ppen to the atmosphere. Thesenc compactand comparatively cheap. The

movements of the pneumatics 14, reciprocate the pitman 13. In like manner the pitman 13 is reciproeated by the pneumatics 14 and 15 The setting of the cranks at 90 degrees apart insures the proper movement of the valves at the proper time.

The valve arrangement is duplex, the pneumatic 15 operating the valve for the pneumatics 14 and 15" and the pneumatic 1'5 operating the valve for the pneumatics 14 and 15. The motor therefore has no dead points or dead centers and it always starts when a partial vacuum is created in theexhaust passage 25.

It Will be evident that the construction and arrangement of this motor is simple and movable. boards of the pneurnatics 15, 15,

. are each' hinged at one end and have a maxi 'mum movement at the other end. At a certain intermediate point between the ends the movement is equal to the desired movement of the valve which is connected to the board and to simplify the construction and prevent any tendency of the links 21 and 21 to raise their valves the valve seat is so elevated that substantially horizontal connections may be made "between the valves and the movable boards of the Pneumatics 15, 15. This arrangement of valve connections is very simple and satisfactory. Each valve is connected to its rod by adjusting means so that it may be properly set with relation to the ports with which it cooperates. The speed .of the motor depends upon the degree of vacuum in the passage 25 and by governing the ressure in this passage the. speed may be ren ered practically uniform. The governor will now be described.

The exhaust passage '25 communicates through passage in the base block 30 of the distend the pneumatic.

regulator A'with the interior of a pneumatic 31 arranged on said base. The upper "or movable board 32 of the pneumatic is con- 'neeted with a weight 33 (a spring might be used) which constantly tends to raise it and The interior of the pneumatic 31 communicates with the vacuum producing means by the valved passage 34'. In this passage is a balanced valve 35 which is centrally pivoted at 36 and connected With the movable board of the pneumatic 31 by an adjustable link 37. The valve 35 is preferably Z-shaped as shown, the upper' and lower arms of the Z fitting seats 38 when the valve is closed. v

The operation of the pressure regulator is as follows. The weight 33 tends to open the pneumatic 31 and the vacuum within tends. to close it. The parts are normally adjusted so that the valve 35 will permit of the passage of the amount of air necessary to run the motor at the desired speed wit it a given degree of vacuum in the ltilRr-tlllt, It}. Should the vacuum become increased in the passage 34, that is, should the pressure decrease, .the pressure in the pncunnttic 2-11 will immediately decrease, c trrespondinglv and the pneumatic will collap e more or depending on. the amount ol decrease in internal pressure. This will close or partially close the valve 35. As soon as the pressure again increases in the pneumatic $11, by reusono'f air received from the motor, the valve 35 will be automati rally opened. lt, will be apparent that the apparatus d scribed will form a goveruori'or the motor, regulating the pressure in the motor cvhaust passage and rendering the same practically uniform regardless of variations in the pressure in the passage 34 leading to the esvhanst means. By increasing the power which tends to open the pneumatic 31 and the valve 135, the motor will be subjected to a lower pressure in its exhaust passage and its speed corres mndingly increased. This variation may be caused by increasing the weight 32-? or its levers or the tension of a spring which may be sub-- stituted for the weight.

Having described my invention what l claim as new and desire to secure b Letters Patent is,

1. In an air motor, the combination ol' a crank shaft,- t'nieumaties on opposite sides of said. crank shalt, pitmcn connecting the pneumatics with the crank shalt, elves con-- trolling the passage ol air to and from the pneumatics, each valve being" connet'ted directly to a part of the movable board of one of the pncumaties having a movement substantially equal to the throw ol the valve, whereby direct connections between the pneumatics and the valves are permitted.

2. In anair motor, the combllmtion with the crank shaft, of a plurality of pairs ol' pneumatics arranged on opposite sides of said shaft, cormections between said pneumatics and the shaft for driving the latter. and slide valves emitrolling the passage ot' air to and from the pucunmtics, said slide Valves being connected (lirectly to the movable boards of the pneumaties and arranged between parts of said movable boards having a movement. substantially equal to the throw of the valves, whereb direct eonnections between the nicunmties and the valves are permitted.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence. of two subscribing witnesses.

. LEWIS BEUJ. IXJRMNQ VVi tnesscs: A

Gun. T. .IJANABEE, NETTIE A. Brnunus. 

